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The competent authorities are the Financial Regulatory Authority and the Central Bank of Egypt.

There has been a marked increase in the significance of IPO readiness in Egypt since the implementation of the State Ownership Policy and the Government’s privatization program, which seek to broaden private sector participation, increase market liquidity, attract foreign direct and portfolio investment, and maximize value from selected state-owned enterprises through public offerings.

As the investment regulations in the Arab Republic of Egypt aims at attracting investors to invest and establish economic and commercial projects that help enhance...

The subject of the pledge may be a guarantee of a debt that depends on a condition of a debt of the future or a possible debt.

The injunction is a court order by which an individual is required to perform, or is restrained from performing, a particular act.

In the Roundtable organised by the British Egyptian Business Association (BEBA), under the name "Opportunities in the New Industrial Zones", our Partner Dr. Fatma Salah discussed the regulatory challenges ...

The noticeable divergence in dividend yields across listed Egyptian companies, particularly between those generating revenues in U.S. dollars and those reliant on the Egyptian pound. often sparks debate about fair valuation.

Financial institutions provide a wide range of financial products and services. They serve as intermediaries between providers and recipients of capital, facilitate asset and risk management...

The joint stock company is a company the capital of which is divided into shares of equal value; the liability of the shareholder is confined to the value of the shares to which he subscribes, and he is not liable for the debts ...

On 16 March 2020, in response to the socioeconomic disruption caused by the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) issued a circular which put in place a...

Finance has long been defined by precision numbers, ratios, and models built to remove emotion from decision-making. Yet, the most strategic financial judgments are often influenced by what numbers cannot capture: human behavior, perception, and emotion.

In acquisition transactions, valuation is no longer limited to estimating standalone fair value based on historical performance and forecasted cash flows. In modern transaction environments, especially in emerging markets such as Egypt, the observed transaction price is often driven by a combination of intrinsic value, strategic considerations, and market inefficiencies.

Moreover, professional judgment plays a fundamental role in enhancing the credibility, transparency, and reliability of valuation outcomes.

Valuing complex ownership structures has become both increasingly important and increasingly difficult in the current financial environment, particularly for companies that are part of complicated ownership networks.

Debt-to-equity conversion is considered one of the most important financial restructuring tools used by companies to address financing structure imbalances and improve their financial position. The importance of this mechanism is particularly evident in cases where companies rely on debt financing for extended periods, whether through shareholders’ loans, loans provided by subsidiaries or sister companies, or external financing, resulting in a high level of liabilities compared to equity.

On July 26, 2023, the Egyptian Financial Regulatory Authority (the "FRA") issued Decree No. 151 of 2023 (the "Decree"), on the criteria for trade-offs between applications...

Artificial Intelligence is no longer a futuristic concept. It's here, embedded in everything from search engines to logistics, finance, health care, and even art.