VAT In The European Union: Triangular Or Chain Transaction?

In intra-EU supplies of goods, transactions often involve participants acting as both sellers and purchasers in the same transaction, while the product concerned is delivered only once, directly from the first seller to the last buyer.

These are known as chain transactions, whereas triangular transactions are actually three-party chain transactions, since it is true that more than one sale takes place between the parties in such a way that the product goes directly from the first seller to the final purchaser.

In the case of these transactions, it is particularly important to examine the tax obligations of each participant, since typically the participants are interested in exempt sales, whereas only one sale can be exempt in the case of such transactions. The tax authority also likes to investigate these transactions, because through the exchange of information within the European Union, they can effectively detect possible taxpayer errors, which are typically