Transliteration is a literal conversion of a word or text from a
script into another. Upon such, a unit of one writing system
(script) is replaced by the relevant unit (or combination of
letters) from the other.
Difficulties arising upon converting proper names, geographical
names, and toponyms in our mother tongue into foreign languages are
occasioned by the characteristic transliteration of specifically
letters ə, ö, ü, ğ, ç, and
x.
For the absence of unified transliteration (conversion) table
and standards, a use and wide spread of words in different versions
are being encountered. As years pass, writings of words that have
been subject to deformation started to become acceptable in various
forms. For instance, upon Azerbaijan's regaining its
independence, words (names, toponyms, etc.) written
according to the transliteration standards adopted in the Soviet
Union are written in another form (e.g., last name
Qurbanov – Kurbanov – Gurbanov).
