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Before delving into Cyprus’ contemporary corporate and commercial landscape, it is essential to understand the historical context that has shaped the country as a business hub. The island’s strategic location has made it a sought-after territory throughout history, with influences from various civilizations. The British colonial era, which lasted from 1878 to 1960, further impacted …

Since gaining independence from the UK in 1960 Cyprus has transformed itself into a successful, modern international business centre. A Member State of the European Union (‘EU’) since 2004, it provides a gateway for investment into and from Europe and, due to its geographic location, it enjoys strong commercial ties with Eastern Europe, the Middle …

The Turkish Commercial Code (“TCC”) No. 6102 and the Capital Markets Law (“CML”) No. 6362 regulate the right of a dominant shareholder to remove minority shareholders from a company. In foreign legal systems, this process is often referred to as a “squeeze-out” or “freeze-out.” The TCC addresses this under Article 208 as the “right to …

Turkey’s dynamic regulatory framework, anchored by the Electricity Market Law and its accompanying regulations such as Storage Regulation, License Regulation, and YEKDEM Regulation, unveils a compelling landscape for investors seeking to seize opportunities in the burgeoning electricity storage sector. By embracing a progressive approach, Turkey has established an advantageous environment for the establishment and operation …

In line with global and European security trends, Romania has implemented through Government Emergency Ordinance 46/2022 (“GEO 46/2022”) stricter FDI screening regulations than the ones existent before. In a nutshell, any European (including Romanian) or foreign investment of any nature, intended to establish or maintain lasting, direct relationships between the investor and the Romanian business …

On 29 January 2025, the European Commission (EC) presented the Competitiveness Compass for the EU (“EU Compass”), which aims to make the EU more competitive and ensure sustainable prosperity. This strategy paper defines the EU’s economic policy priorities and is intended to set the direction for future coordination between the EU member states. We show …

Peru’s economy remains a standout in Latin America, driven by its abundant natural resources and strategic Pacific coast location. Following a period of adjustment in 2023, Peru’s GDP rebounded in 2024, surpassing regional averages, with robust expansion in the final quarter fueled by strong domestic consumption and export performance. Mining remains a cornerstone of this …