{"id":106386,"date":"2025-06-05T09:00:54","date_gmt":"2025-06-05T09:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/?post_type=comparative_guide&#038;p=106386"},"modified":"2025-08-19T08:22:31","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T08:22:31","slug":"norway-class-actions","status":"publish","type":"comparative_guide","link":"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/chapter\/norway-class-actions\/","title":{"rendered":"Norway: Class Actions"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-106386","comparative_guide","type-comparative_guide","status-publish","hentry","guides-class-actions","jurisdictions-norway"],"acf":[],"appp":{"post_list":{"below_title":"<div class=\"guide-author-details\"><span class=\"guide-author\">Advokatfirmaet Thommessen AS<\/span><span class=\"guide-author-logo\"><img src=\"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1\/2019\/03\/thommessen.jpg\"\/><\/span><\/div>"},"post_detail":{"above_title":"<div class=\"guide-author-details\"><span class=\"guide-author\">Advokatfirmaet Thommessen AS<\/span><span class=\"guide-author-logo\"><img src=\"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1\/2019\/03\/thommessen.jpg\"\/><\/span><\/div>","below_title":"<span class=\"guide-intro\">This country specific Q&amp;A provides an overview of Class Actions laws and regulations applicable in Norway<\/span><div class=\"guide-content\"><div class=\"filter\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"text\" placeholder=\"Search questions and answers...\" class=\"filter-container__search-field\">\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<ol class=\"custom-counter\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Does your jurisdiction have a class action or collective redress mechanism? If so, please describe the mechanism and outline the principal sources of law and regulation and its overarching impact on the conduct of class actions in your jurisdiction.<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>In Norway, class actions are specifically regulated in a separate chapter of the Dispute Act and in the supplementary Regulation on Class Actions. Class actions represent a distinct form of legal procedure in Norwegian law, and the chapter on class actions in the Dispute Act outlines several procedural requirements for approving a lawsuit as a class action. These include the requirement that the claims are based on the same or substantially similar factual and legal grounds, that class action procedure is the best method for hearing the claims, and that a group member can be appointed as group representative.<\/p>\n<p>After the adoption of the class action procedure, concerns were raised that the requirements for initiating a class action could lead to lengthy disputes regarding the admissibility of lawsuits. So far, this prediction seems to have proven to be accurate.<\/p>\n<p>The chapter on class actions in the Dispute Act also includes provisions for managing class actions, such as the possibility of forming sub-groups. However, once a class action is approved by the court, it is primarily governed by the standard rules on civil procedure outlined in the Dispute Act.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What is the history of the development of the class actions\/collective redress mechanism and its policy basis in your jurisdiction?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>In 1999, a dispute resolution committee was appointed to evaluate civil proceedings in Norway, including class actions. The committee was specifically tasked with considering the work on class actions in other Nordic countries and the development of rules on class actions within the EU regulatory framework.<\/p>\n<p>The committee concluded that Norwegian law should allow for class actions to better address the need for collective redress. However, the proposal faced some resistance, as some stakeholders argued that the need for collective redress was already addressed by the rules on subjective cumulation of cases, extrajudicial dispute resolution mechanisms, and pilot cases.<\/p>\n<p>When provisions on class actions were adopted, effective 1 January 2008, the primary motivation was consumer interests.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What is the frequency of class actions brought in your jurisdiction, in terms of number of cases over the years and\/or comparison to other types of litigation?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>The official statistics from the Court Administration list eight cases registered as class actions in 2020, seven in 2021, five in 2022, three in 2023, and four in 2024. However, these statistics reflect lawsuits classified as class actions and may not be complete or could even be inaccurate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there certain courts or types of claims that are most prevalent (for example competition vs commercial litigation generally)?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>While the number of class actions may be too limited to draw definitive conclusions, it seems that consumer claims have been most prevalent.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What is the definition of 'class action' or 'collective redress' relevant to your jurisdiction?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>The Dispute Act defines a class action lawsuit as &#8220;a lawsuit brought by or against a group on the same or substantially similar factual and legal grounds, and which has been approved by the court as a class action&#8221;. Thus, the definition underscores that a lawsuit must obtain court approval to be recognized as a class action.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What are the general 'triggers' for commencement of a class action or collective redress in your jurisdiction from a factual perspective?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>To date, the most common trigger appears to be that an association \u2013 such as the Consumer Council \u2013 initiates the class action. This is likely due to the requirement that a group representative must be appointed for the court to approve the action, and that this representative must be able to assume responsibility for the group\u2019s potential cost liability to the opposing party.<\/p>\n<p>Class actions have, to a limited extent, been initiated following regulatory enforcement findings. However, there are two recent examples of such cases, see question 7 below for details.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">How do class actions or collective redress proceedings typically interact with regulatory enforcement findings? e.g. competition or financial regulators?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>So far, only a few class actions have been initiated as a result of regulatory enforcement findings in Norway. However, we have two recent examples.<\/p>\n<p>One example is a class action from an entity called the Association for Customers of Alarm Services (Norwegian: Alarmkundeforeningen), which aimed to seek financial compensation for customers of two alarm companies that were fined for illegal price collusion. This class action was deemed inadmissible because Norwegian courts would not approve the funding arrangement.<\/p>\n<p>Another recent example is an ongoing class action lawsuit initiated by the Norwegian Consumer Council against the collection agency Riverty, which has invoiced consumers on behalf of various parking companies. These invoices has included high invoice fees, which the Norwegian Consumer Authority deemed an unfair commercial practice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What types of conduct and causes of action can be relied upon as the basis for a class action or collective redress mechanism?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>There are no limitations on the conduct or causes of action that can be relied upon as the basis for a class action, provided that the case is founded on a civil claim. However, in practice, the requirement that class action procedure is the best method for hearing the claims will limit the conduct and causes of action that can be relied upon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there any limitations of types of claims that may be brought on a collective basis?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>There are no limitations on the types of civil claims that may be brought on a collective basis. However, as mentioned in question 8, the requirement that a class action must be the best method for hearing the claims will, in practice, limit the claims that can be subject to a class action.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Who may bring class action or collective redress proceeding? (e.g. qualified entities, consumers etc)<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>A class action lawsuit can be initiated by<\/p>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 0\" type=\"i\">\n<li>anyone who meets the criteria to be a group member if the lawsuit is approved, or<\/li>\n<li>associations and foundations, as well as public authorities tasked with promoting specific interests, when the lawsuit falls within their purpose and natural scope of activity.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>For public authorities, participation is restricted to those that seek to advance specific interests directly related to the rights and obligations of individuals and that align with the organization&#8217;s mission. The Consumer Council is an example of such an entity, as it is dedicated to promoting consumer interests.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there any limits on the nationality or domicile of claimants in class actions or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>No, there are no limits on the nationality or domicile of claimants in class actions.<\/p>\n<p>However, disputes in international relations can only be brought before Norwegian courts when the case has a sufficient connection to Norway.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there any limitations on size or type of class?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>There are no specific limitations on the size or type of the class, as long as the basic requirement that &#8220;several&#8221; claimants have claims based on the same or substantially similar factual and legal grounds, see question 17. However, if there are few potential claimants, this may influence the court\u2019s assessment of whether group proceedings are the most appropriate method for handling the claims.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there any requirements or prohibitions in sourcing this class?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>There are no specific requirements or restrictions on how the class is sourced, and it is not necessary to have an established class at the time a class action is initiated.<\/p>\n<p>The court is responsible for managing this process in both opt-in and opt-out class actions.<\/p>\n<p>Once a class action is approved, the court must ensure that potential group members are informed. The court may also instruct the group representative to arrange for the notice or announcement.<\/p>\n<p>In opt-in class actions, claimants must register with the court, which maintains the register of members. In opt-out class actions, all individuals who fall within the scope of the class are automatically considered members unless they actively choose to opt out by contacting the court, which is also responsible for the register of individuals who have opted out of the class action.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Which courts deal with class actions or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Class actions are handled by the ordinary courts in Norway.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there any jurisdictional obstacles to class actions or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>As noted in question 11, disputes in international relations may only be brought before Norwegian courts if the case has a sufficient connection to Norway.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Does your jurisdiction adopt an \u201copt in\u201d or \u201copt out\u201d mechanism?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Norway has both opt-in and opt-out class actions.<\/p>\n<p>In opt-in class actions, claimants with a claim within the scope of the class action must register to participate.<\/p>\n<p>In opt-out class actions, the court may decide that individuals with claims falling within the scope of the class action are automatically considered group members, without the need for registration in the group register. This applies if the claims:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 0\" type=\"i\">\n<li>involve such small values or interests that a significant majority of claimants would not reasonably pursue them through individual lawsuits, and<\/li>\n<li>are not expected to raise issues requiring individual consideration.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What is required (i.e. procedural formalities) in order to start a class action or collective redress claim?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>There are four conditions for receiving the court&#8217;s approval for a class action:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"padding-left: 0\" type=\"i\">\n<li>several legal entities have claims or obligations based on the same or substantially similar factual and legal grounds,<\/li>\n<li>the claims can otherwise be adjudicated by the court with the same composition and primarily according to the same procedural rules,<\/li>\n<li>group proceedings are the best method of handling the case, and<\/li>\n<li>there is a basis for appointing a group representative.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The first condition does not exclude class actions even if individual circumstances are present for each party. The focus is on whether the dominant issues in the case are common to all parties.<\/p>\n<p>The third condition requires the court to assess the entire case and determine whether group proceedings offer the most efficient resolution compared to other collective or individual methods.<\/p>\n<p>The fourth condition requires the court to appoint a group representative who can effectively protect the group\u2019s interests and take responsibility for the group\u2019s potential cost liabilities towards the opposing party.<\/p>\n<p>Condition ii) is rarely disputed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What other mandatory procedural requirements apply to these types of matters?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>There are no other mandatory procedural requirements specific to class actions beyond those mentioned in question 17.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are normal civil procedure rules applied to these proceedings or a special set of rules adopted for this purpose?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>The Dispute Act includes a separate chapter outlining several procedural requirements for class actions, as described in question 1. Once a class action is approved, there are few special rules that apply specifically to class actions. As a result, class actions are generally governed by the standard rules of civil procedure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">How long do these cases typically run for?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>If the defendant contests whether the procedural requirements are met, this dispute can significantly delay the case, potentially adding months to the processing time. The length of the delay depends on the number of disputed points and whether the first-instance decision is appealed.<\/p>\n<p>Once the class action is approved, a decision at first instance is typically rendered within one to two years, though significant variations may occur depending on the nature of the class action.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What remedies are available to claimants in class action or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Claimants in class actions have access to the same remedies as those available in ordinary lawsuits, such as price reduction, compensation and cancellation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are punitive or exemplary damages available for class actions or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Punitive or exemplary damages are generally not permitted under Norwegian law, neither in normal lawsuits nor in class action lawsuits.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Is a judge or multiple judges assigned to these cases?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p class=\"MarginText\">Class actions in Norway are handled by the ordinary courts, and there are no specific rules requiring multiple judges to be assigned to such cases.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MarginText\">At first instance, the court normally consists of a single professional judge. However, if requested by the parties or deemed appropriate by the court, two lay judges may be added. These lay judges must have relevant expertise if necessary to ensure the proper handling of the case \u2013 for example, technical knowledge or specialized competence in areas such as share valuation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MarginText\">In practice, a panel of three judges is only convened when expert insight is essential for the case.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are class actions or collective redress proceedings subject to juries?  If so, what is the role of juries?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>No, Norway does not have a jury system.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What is the measure of damages for class actions or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p class=\"MarginText\">The court will calculate damages individually for each class member.<\/p>\n<p>Under Norwegian law, the claimant must normally demonstrate that he or she has suffered actual economic loss in order to be entitled to damages. The court will calculate damages individually for each class member. However, this could be achieved by compensating all claimants with a uniform remedy, such as a 10% reduction in the purchase price or a fixed amount.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Is there any mechanism for the collective settlement of class actions or collective redress proceedings?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Any settlement is entered into between the group representative, acting on behalf of the group, and the defendant(s).<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Is there any judicial oversight for settlements of class actions or collective redress mechanisms?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Settlements in opt-out class actions require court approval due to the possibility that group members may be unaware of the class action.<\/p>\n<p>The court must determine that the settlement is reasonable. The scope and intensity of the court&#8217;s review will vary based on the circumstances, including the significance of the case for the parties involved. If deemed necessary, the court may appoint an expert to evaluate the settlement.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, the court is responsible for ensuring that group members are informed about the settlement proposal to the greatest extent possible, allowing those who do not wish to be bound by the settlement the opportunity to opt out before it is finalized.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What are the top three emerging business risks that are the focus of class action or collective redress litigation?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p class=\"MarginText\">While we have limited case law in Norway, the top three business risks that are the focus of class action seem to be consumer claims, as well as competition and ESG matters. <u><\/u><\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">What trends in litigation are evident in the last three years in your jurisdiction in respect of class actions?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>While the number of cases may be too limited to establish clear trends, it is noteworthy that in recent years, class actions have been initiated following findings by authorities of infringements of competition and consumer protection laws (see question 7 for further details).<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Where do you foresee the most significant legal development in the next 12 months in respect of collective redress and class actions?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>If the EU Directive on Representative Actions for the Protection of the Collective Interests of Consumers (EU) 2020\/1828 is implemented into Norwegian law, it may lead to an increase in class actions.<\/p>\n<p>Under the current Norwegian rules, an organization may either initiate a lawsuit seeking a prohibition or termination of unlawful actions, or initiate a class action with affected members as group members (as mentioned in question 10). The Directive allows qualified entities to claim compensation, price reductions, cancellations, etc., on behalf of affected consumers, and if implemented, this would represent a change compared to the current situation in Norway which may lead to an increase in the number of class actions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are class actions or collective redress proceedings being brought for \u2018ESG\u2019 matters? If so, how are those claims being framed?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p class=\"MarginText\">While the Dispute Act allows for class actions on ESG matters, we are not aware of any ESG class actions in Norway.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"question-block filter-container__element\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"filter-container__match-html\">Are there any proposals for the reform of class actions or collective redress proceedings? If so, what are those proposals?<\/h3>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"show-me\">+<\/button>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"question_answer filter-container__match-html\" style=\"display:none;\"><p>Since Norway is not a member of the EU, it is necessary to evaluate whether the EU Directive on Representative Actions for the Protection of the Collective Interests of Consumers (EU) 2020\/1828 should be implemented into Norwegian law.<\/p>\n<p>Politicians have indicated that there are legitimate concerns about whether the directive is applicable under the EEA Agreement, since consumers&#8217; collective interests are already protected under the class action provisions of the Dispute Act, and because the Class Action Directive contains procedural rules, which might not fall within the scope of the EEA Agreement.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n<div class=\"word-count-hidden\" style=\"display:none;\">Estimated word count: <span class=\"word-count\">2886<\/span><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/ol>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/wp-content\/themes\/twentyseventeen\/src\/jquery\/components\/filter-guides.js\" async><\/script><\/div>"}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comparative_guide\/106386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comparative_guide"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/comparative_guide"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/my.legal500.com\/guides\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}